Farmers who face the issue of prtecting the farm from wild animals and have to water the plants in the night
Creating a remote switch and a design which will draw away the animals from the farm and create system for remote irrigation
Raigad, Maharashtra
Solution
| Component | Description |
|---|---|
| Technical Components | ### Comprehensive Analysis and Technical Specifications #### 1. Technical Components Needed **Remote Switch Mechanism:** 1. **GSM Module**: Enables communication over the cellular network to receive commands from the smartphone. 2. **GNSS Module**: Provides location-aware functionality to ensure the motor operates only in specific geographical areas. 3. **Microcontroller**: Processes the commands received from the GSM module and controls the motor based on GNSS data. 4. **Motor Control Circuit**: Includes relays or motor drivers to switch the motor on and off. 5. **Power Supply**: Provides power to the GSM, GNSS, microcontroller, and motor control circuit. **Smart Fence:** 1. **Ultrasonic Sensors**: Detect the presence of animals near the fence. 2. **Ultrasonic Emitters**: Generate repellent ultrasonic waves to deter animals. 3. **Microcontroller**: Processes sensor data and controls the ultrasonic emitters. 4. **Power Supply**: Powers the sensors, emitters, and microcontroller. 5. **Enclosure and Mounting**: Protects the electronics from weather and mounts them on the fence. **Prohibited Behaviors Addressed:** - No Wi-Fi is used; GSM is used for remote control. - The fence uses ultrasonic waves to repel animals, not to harm them. #### 2. Recommended Tech Stack **Remote Switch Mechanism:** - **GSM Module**: SIM800L or similar. - **GNSS Module**: NEO-6M or similar. - **Microcontroller**: Arduino or ESP32 (though ESP32 has Wi-Fi, which is not used here). - **Motor Control**: Relay module or L298N motor driver. - **Power Supply**: 12V battery or solar with a regulator. **Smart Fence:** - **Ultrasonic Sensors**: HC-SR04 or similar. - **Ultrasonic Emitters**: Commercial ultrasonic animal repellent modules. - **Microcontroller**: Arduino or similar. - **Power Supply**: Solar-powered battery system for remote locations. #### 3. Detailed Implementation Steps **Remote Switch Mechanism:** 1. **Hardware Setup**: - Connect the GSM and GNSS modules to the microcontroller (e.g., Arduino) via UART. - Connect the motor control circuit to the microcontroller's GPIO pins. - Connect the power supply to all components. 2. **Software Setup**: - Write firmware for the microcontroller to: - Receive SMS commands via the GSM module. - Validate the command sender's phone number (for security). - Check GNSS coordinates to ensure the motor is in the allowed area. - Activate the motor control circuit if all conditions are met. - Implement a simple SMS protocol (e.g., "ON" and "OFF" messages). 3. **Testing**: - Test the GSM and GNSS modules independently. - Test the motor control circuit independently. - Test the full system with location-based constraints. **Smart Fence:** 1. **Hardware Setup**: - Mount ultrasonic sensors and emitters along the fence. - Connect sensors and emitters to the microcontroller. - Connect the power supply to all components. 2. **Software Setup**: - Write firmware for the microcontroller to: - Continuously read sensor data. - Detect animals based on distance thresholds. - Activate the ultrasonic emitters when animals are detected. - Implement a delay or duty cycle to avoid continuous operation. 3. **Testing**: - Test sensor detection range and accuracy. - Test emitter effectiveness with dummy animals. - Test the full system in the field. #### 4. Required Technical Learning 1. **Microcontroller Programming**: Learn to program the chosen microcontroller (Arduino, ESP32, etc.) to handle GPIO, UART, and basic logic. 2. **GSM Communication**: Understand how to send and receive SMS using AT commands with the GSM module. 3. **GNSS Integration**: Learn to parse NMEA data from the GNSS module to get location coordinates. 4. **Motor Control**: Learn how to safely control motors using relays or motor drivers. 5. **Ultrasonic Sensors**: Learn how to use ultrasonic sensors to measure distance and detect objects. 6. **Ultrasonic Emitters**: Learn how to generate ultrasonic frequencies using appropriate hardware and drivers. #### 5. Budget Calculation **Hardware Costs (Remote Switch Mechanism):** 1. GSM Module (SIM800L): ~$10 2. GNSS Module (NEO-6M): ~$15 3. Microcontroller (Arduino Uno): ~$20 4. Relay Module: ~$5 5. Power Supply (12V Battery + Regulator): ~$20 6. Enclosure and Cabling: ~$10 **Total: ~$80 per unit** **Hardware Costs (Smart Fence):** 1. Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04): ~$2 x 10 = $20 (assuming 10 sensors) 2. Ultrasonic Emitter (Commercial Repellent Module): ~$20 x 2 = $40 (assuming 2 emitters) 3. Microcontroller (Arduino Uno): ~$20 4. Power Supply (Solar + Battery): ~$100 5. Enclosure and Mounting: ~$30 **Total: ~$210 per system** (assuming one system per fence perimeter) **Software Costs:** - Open-source firmware (Arduino IDE, libraries): $0 - No APIs or subscriptions needed. **Maintenance Costs (First Year):** 1. Replacement of damaged sensors/emitters: ~$50 2. Battery replacement: ~$20 3. GSM data plan (prepaid SIM card): ~$20 **Total: ~$90 per system** **Overall Estimated Budget:** - For one instance of the Remote Switch Mechanism and Smart Fence: - Hardware: $80 + $210 = $290 - Maintenance: $90 - **Total: $380** Note: Costs are approximate and may vary based on location, quantity, and specific component choices. |
| Key Features |
Feature: Remote switch
Format: GSM Connection using GNSS Usage: Farmer will press a button in the phone and water pump should start automatically
Feature: Smart fence
Format: Electrical fence Usage: Fence senses the animals and creates animal repellent ultrasonic waves to draw them away |
| Implementation Steps | As mentioned in the features |