THE PS SQUAD VII A Villagers are affected by the problem. Wastage of Electricity
By making a prototype.
Awarpur, Chandrapur Maharashtra
Solution
| Component | Description |
|---|---|
| Technical Components | # Comprehensive Technical Analysis: Smart Electricity Management System ## 1. System Overview This solution proposes an IoT-enabled device that automatically cuts off electricity when doors are locked with a key, excluding designated circuits (Puja room and fridge). The system combines mechanical locking recognition with smart electrical switching. ## 2. Technical Components ### Core Components: | Component | Specification | Purpose | |-----------|---------------|---------| | **Key Detection Module** | Magnetic reed switch + Hall effect sensor | Detects key insertion/removal | | **Door Status Sensor** | 2-axis accelerometer (ADXL345) | Confirms door is actually locked | | **Control Unit** | ESP32 microcontroller (WiFi/BLE) | Central processing | | **Power Relay** | 40A SSR (Solid State Relay) | Main power switching | | **Protected Circuits Module** | Current sensors (ACS712) + independent relays | Identify/monitor protected loads | | **User Interface** | OLED display + physical override button | Status display/manual control | ### System Architecture: ```mermaid graph TD A[Key Detection] --> C[ESP32 Controller] B[Door Sensor] --> C C --> D[Main Power Relay] C --> E[Protected Circuits Relay] F[Current Monitoring] --> C C --> G[Cloud Connectivity] ``` ## 3. Recommended Tech Stack **Hardware:** - Microcontroller: ESP32-WROOM-32D (Dual-core, WiFi/BLE) - Sensors: - Hall effect sensor (AH49E) for key detection - ADXL345 accelerometer for door position - Non-invasive current sensors for protected circuits **Software:** - Firmware: ESP-IDF framework with FreeRTOS - Protocols: MQTT over TLS for cloud communication - Cloud Platform: AWS IoT Core (Free Tier eligible) - Mobile App: React Native for cross-platform control ## 4. Detailed Implementation ### Phase 1: Prototyping 1. **Key Lock Detection:** - Embed hall effect sensor in lock body → detects magnetic field change when key inserted - Threshold calibration for proper detection 2. **Multi-factor Authentication:** ```python def should_cut_power(): return (key_inserted and door_locked and not is_protected_circuit_active()) ``` 3. **Protected Circuits Identification:** - Current profiling of fridge/Puja room loads - Implement wavelet transform algorithm for load signature recognition ### Phase 2: Production 1. **Enclosure Design:** - IP66 rated polycarbonate housing - DIN rail mounting for electrical panels 2. **Fail-Safe Mechanisms:** - Watchdog timer for auto-recovery - Manual override switch with mechanical priority ## 5. Required Technical Learning | Skill Area | Learning Resources | Estimated Time | |------------|--------------------|----------------| | Embedded C Programming | ESP-IDF documentation | 40 hours | | Power Electronics | "The Art of Electronics" (Horowitz) | 60 hours | | IoT Security | OWASP IoT Top 10 guidelines | 30 hours | | Cloud Integration | AWS IoT Core tutorials | 25 hours | ## 6. Budget Calculation ### Hardware Costs | Item | Qty | Unit Price | Total | |------|-----|-----------|-------| | ESP32 Development Kit | 2 | $12 | $24 | | 40A SSR | 2 | $16 | $32 | | Current Sensors | 4 | $8 | $32 | | Enclosure | 1 | $45 | $45 | | Sensors Package | 1 | $35 | $35 | | Wiring/DIN Rail | - | $20 | $20 | | **Subtotal** | | | **$188** | ### Software Costs | Item | Cost | Notes | |------|------|-------| | AWS IoT Core | $0 | Free Tier | | Mobile App Dev | $0 | Open-source tools | | **Subtotal** | | **$0** | ### Development Costs | Item | Hours | Rate | Total | |------|-------|------|-------| | Prototyping | 80 | $50 | $4000 | | Firmware Dev | 120 | $75 | $9000 | | Testing/Cert | 60 | $100 | $6000 | | **Subtotal** | | | **$19,000** | ### Annual Maintenance | Item | Cost | |------|------| | Cloud Services | $120 | | Firmware Updates | $2500 | | Hardware Replacements | $300 | | **Subtotal** | **$2,920** | **Total First-Year Cost:** $21,928 **Recurring Annual Cost:** ~$2,920 ## Key Technical Challenges & Solutions: 1. **Protected Circuit Identification:** - Implemented through real-time current waveform analysis at 1kHz sampling rate - Machine learning model (TensorFlow Lite) for load classification 2. **False Trigger Prevention:** - 3-point validation system (key position + door angle + timer delay) - Hysteresis control in sensor readings 3. **Power Quality Considerations:** - Zero-cross switching to prevent voltage spikes - MOV protection on all relay outputs This solution provides a robust implementation that meets all specified requirements while adding necessary safety and reliability features not explicitly mentioned in the original requirements. |
| Key Features |
Feature: understanding locking system
Format: lock and key Usage: locking manually
Feature: automatic switch off
Format: automatic Usage: when the door is locked it can be autmatically off |
| Implementation Steps | 1.the lock should understand the key 2.when door is locked the electricity should automatically get turn off |